Bsc CSIT Semester 4 – Artificial Intelligence – Unit IV: Knowledge Representation (14 Hrs.)

What is Skolem constant? How is Skolemization done during resolution? Represent the following

statements into FOPL.

All movies are not hit.

Sarangi is a movie.

All movies which have good script are hit.

Sarangi has a good script but Sarangi is sentimental.

There is a movie which is comedy.

How can you represent knowledge using scripts? Create a knowlege base using script based on your own assumption.

Define fuzzy logic. Construct a fuzzy rule base expert system with your own considerations of fuzzy set.

What do you mean by unification and lifting ? Convert following sentences into FOPL

Sushma likes all kinds of practical courses.

AI and DBMS are practical courses.

Any subject anyone practices is practical course.

Ruby practices PHP.

Rita practices everything that Ruby practices.

Using resolution check whether “Sushma likes PHP” is inferred or not.

What is semantic network? Given following knowledge base, represent it using semantic network

Subash is a student. All students are person. Person has hair. Ram is a player.All player play game. Game is a physical action. Height of all players is larger than the height of all student. Physical action starts fron 7:00 AM and ends at 9:00 AM.

How natural language generation differs from natural language understanding ? How morphological analysisis done in NLP ?

Define Expert System with example. What are stages of expert system development ? Explain.

How syntactic and semantic analyses are performed in natural language processing?

What is forward chaining? Explain with appropriate example.

Convert Following Sentences into Predicate

a) All animal who can bark are dog.

b) Someone is firing a gun

c) All tigers are not fierce

Construct semantic network for following facts Ram is person. Persons are humans. All human have nose. Humans are instances of mammals. Ram has weight of 60 kg. Weight of Ram is less than weight of Sita.

What is expert system? How its works? Mention role of inference engine in expert system.

How semantic and pragmatic analysis is done in natural language processing.

How resolution algorithm is used in FOPL to infer conclusion?
Consider the facts;\

Anyone whom Pugu loves is a star. Any hero who does not rehearse does not act. Anmol is a hero. Any hero who does not work does not rehearse. Anyone who does not act is not a star. Convert above into FOPL and use resolution to infer that “If Anmol does not work, then Pugu does not love Anmol”.

Define frame. How knowledge is encoded in a frame? Justify with an example.

What do you mean by membership of an element in a fuzzy set? Given a domain of discourse

X = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70}

How uncertain knowledge is represented? Given following full joint probability distribution representing probabilities of having different sizes of CD, find the probability that a CD cover has a length of 130mm given the width is 15mm.

How syntactic and semantic analysis is done during natural language processing? Explain with example.

What do you mean by unification and lifting? Convert following sentences into FOPL:
Sushma likes all kinds of practical courses.
AI and DBMS are practical courses.
Any subject anyone practices is a practical course.
Ruby practices PHP.
Rita practices everything that Ruby practices.
Using resolution, check whether “Sushma likes PHP” is inferred or not.

What is semantic network? Given following knowledge base, represent it using semantic network:

Subash is a student. All students are person. Person has hair. Ram is a player. All player play game. Game is a physical action. Height of all players is larger than the height of all students. Physical action starts from 7:00 AM and ends at 9:00 AM.