Bsc CSIT Semester 4 – Database Management System – Unit 1: Database and Database Users (2 Hrs.)

1. Flat-File System Definition: A flat-file system is a way of storing data in a single file or a set of files without any structured relationships. - Each file contains records (rows) with fields

Characteristics of Database Approach 1. Data Independence: Applications are independent of data structure and storage. 2. Self-Describing Nature: Database stores metadata in a catalog. 3. Insulat

Definitions of Key Database Terms 1. Data Data refers to raw facts, figures, or observations that have no meaningful context by themselves. It may consist of numbers, text, images, symbols, or soun